Inbred maize line PH54B

ABSTRACT

An inbred maize line, designated PH54B, the plants and seeds of inbred maize line PH54B, methods for producing a maize plant produced by crossing the inbred line PH54B with itself or with another maize plant, and hybrid maize seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line PH54B with another maize line or plant.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention is in the field of maize breeding, specifically relating to an inbred maize line designated PH54B.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The goal of plant breeding is to combine in a single variety or hybrid various desirable traits. For field crops, these traits may include resistance to diseases and insects, tolerance to heat and drought, reducing the time to crop maturity, greater yield, and better agronomic quality. With mechanical harvesting of many crops, uniformity of plant characteristics such as germination and stand establishment, growth rate, maturity, and plant and ear height, is important.

Field crops are bred through techniques that take advantage of the plant's method of pollination. A plant is self-pollinated if pollen from one flower is transferred to the same or another flower of the same plant. A plant is cross-pollinated if the pollen comes from a flower on a different plant.

Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type for many generations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce a uniform population of true breeding progeny. A cross between two different homozygous lines produces a uniform population of hybrid plants that may be heterozygous for many gene loci. A cross of two plants each heterozygous at a number of gene loci will produce a population of hybrid plants that differ genetically and will not be uniform.

Maize (zea mays L.), often referred to as corn in the United States, can be bred by both self-pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Maize has separate male and female flowers on the same plant, located on the tassel and the ear, respectively. Natural pollination occurs in maize when wind blows pollen from the tassels to the silks that protrude from the tops of the ears.

A reliable method of controlling male fertility in plants offers the opportunity for improved plant breeding. This is especially true for development of maize hybrids, which relies upon some sort of male sterility system. There are several options for controlling male fertility available to breeders, such as: manual or mechanical emasculation (or detasseling), cytoplasmic male sterility, genetic male sterility, gametocides and the like.

Hybrid maize seed is typically produced by a male sterility system incorporating manual or mechanical detasseling. Alternate strips of two inbred varieties of maize are planted in a field, and the pollen-bearing tassels are removed from one of the inbreds (female). Providing that there is sufficient isolation from sources of foreign maize pollen, the ears of the detasseled inbred will be fertilized only from the other inbred (male), and the resulting seed is therefore hybrid and will form hybrid plants.

The laborious, and occasionally unreliable, detasseling process can be avoided by using cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) inbreds. Plants of a CMS inbred are male sterile as a result of factors resulting from the cytoplasmic, as opposed to the nuclear, genome. Thus, this characteristic is inherited exclusively through the female parent in maize plants, since only the female provides cytoplasm to the fertilized seed. CMS plants are fertilized with pollen from another inbred that is not male-sterile. Pollen from the second inbred may or may not contribute genes that make the hybrid plants male-fertile. Usually seed from detasseled fertile maize and CMS produced seed of the same hybrid are blended to insure that adequate pollen loads are available for fertilization when the hybrid plants are grown.

There are several methods of conferring genetic male sterility available, such as multiple mutant genes at separate locations within the genome that confer male sterility, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,654,465 and 4,727,219 to Brar et al. and chromosomal translocations as described by Patterson in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,861,709 and 3,710,511. These and all patents referred to are incorporated by reference. In addition to these methods, Albertsen et al., of Pioneer Hi-Bred, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/848,433, have developed a system of nuclear male sterility which includes: identifying a gene which is critical to male fertility; silencing this native gene which is critical to male fertility; removing the native promoter from the essential male fertility gene and replacing it with an inducible promoter; inserting this genetically engineered gene back into the plant; and thus creating a plant that is male sterile because the inducible promoter is not "on" resulting in the male fertility gene not being transcribed. Fertility is restored by inducing, or turning "on", the promoter, which in turn allows the gene that confers male fertility to be transcribed.

There are many other methods of conferring genetic male sterility in the art, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. These methods use a variety of approaches such as delivering into the plant a gene encoding a cytotoxic substance associated with a male tissue specific promoter or an antisense system in which a gene critical to fertility is identified and an antisense to that gene is inserted in the plant (see: Fabinjanski, et al. EPO 89/3010153.8 publication no. 329,308 and PCT application PCT/CA90/00037 published as WO 90/08828).

Another system useful in controlling male sterility makes use of gametocides. Gametocides are not a genetic system, but rather a topical application of chemicals. These chemicals affect cells that are critical to male fertility. The application of these chemicals affects fertility in the plants only for the growing season in which the gametocide is applied (see Carlson, Glenn R., U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,904). Application of the gametocide, timing of the application and genotype specificity often limit the usefulness of the approach.

The use of male sterile inbreds is but one factor in the production of maize hybrids. The development of maize hybrids requires, in general, the development of homozygous inbred lines, the crossing of these lines, and the evaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection breeding methods are used to develop inbred lines from breeding populations. Breeding programs combine the genetic backgrounds from two or more inbred lines or various other broad-based sources into breeding pools from which new inbred lines are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new inbreds are crossed with other inbred lines and the hybrids from these crosses are evaluated to determine which of those have commercial potential.

Pedigree breeding starts with the crossing of two genotypes, each of which may have one or more desirable characteristics that is lacking in the other or which complements the other. If the two original parents do not provide all the desired characteristics, other sources can be included in the breeding population. In the pedigree method, superior plants are selfed and selected in successive generations. In the succeeding generations the heterozygous condition gives way to homogeneous lines as a result of self-pollination and selection. Typically in the pedigree method of breeding five or more generations of selfing and selection is practiced: F₁ →F₂ ; F₃ →F₄ ; F₄ →F₅, etc.

Recurrent selection breeding, backcrossing for example, can be used to improve an inbred line. Backcrossing can be used to transfer a specific desirable trait from one inbred or source to an inbred that lacks that trait. This can be accomplished, for example, by first crossing a superior inbred (recurrent parent) to a donor inbred (non-recurrent parent), that carries the appropriate gene(s) for the trait in question. The progeny of this cross is then mated back to the superior recurrent parent followed by selection in the resultant progeny for the desired trait to be transferred from the non-recurrent parent. After five or more backcross generations with selection for the desired trait, the progeny will be heterozygous for loci controlling the characteristic being transferred, but will be like the superior parent for most or almost all other genes. The last backcross generation is then selfed to give pure breeding progeny for the gene(s) being transferred.

A single cross hybrid maize variety is the cross of two inbred lines, each of which has a genotype that complements the genotype of the other. The hybrid progeny of the first generation is designated F₁. In the development of hybrids only the F₁ hybrid plants are sought. Preferred F₁ hybrids are more s vigorous than their inbred parents. This hybrid vigor, or heterosis, can be manifested in many polygenic traits, including increased vegetative growth and increased yield.

The development of a hybrid maize variety involves three steps: (1) the selection of plants from various germplasm pools for initial breeding crosses; (2) the selfing of the selected plants from the breeding crosses for several generations to produce a series of inbred lines, which, although different from each other, breed true and are highly uniform; and (3) crossing the selected inbred lines with different inbred lines to produce the hybrid progeny (F₁). During the inbreeding process in maize, the vigor of the lines decreases. Vigor is restored when two different inbred lines are crossed to produce the hybrid progeny (F₁). An important consequence of the homozygosity and homogeneity of the inbred lines is that the hybrid between any two inbreds will always be the same. Once the inbreds that give a superior hybrid have been identified, the hybrid seed can be reproduced indefinitely as long as the homogeneity of the inbred parents is maintained.

A single cross hybrid is produced when two inbred lines are crossed to produce the F₁ progeny. A double cross hybrid is produced from four inbred lines crossed in pairs (A×B and C×D) and then the two F₁ hybrids are crossed again (A×B)×(C×D). Much of the hybrid vigor exhibited by F₁ hybrids is lost in the next generation (F₂). Consequently, seed from hybrid varieties is not used for planting stock.

Maize is an important and valuable field crop. Thus, a continuing goal of plant breeders is to develop high-yielding maize hybrids that are agronomically sound based on stable inbred lines. The reasons for this goal are obvious: to maximize the amount of grain produced with the inputs used and minimize susceptibility of the crop to environmental stresses. To accomplish this goal, the maize breeder must select and develop superior inbred parental lines for producing hybrids. This requires identification and selection of genetically unique individuals that occur in a segregating population. The segregating population is the result of a combination of crossover events plus the independent assortment of specific combinations of alleles at many gene loci that results in specific genotypes. Based on the number of segregating genes, the frequency of occurrence of an individual with a specific genotype is less than 1 in 10,000. Thus, even if the entire genotype of the parents has been characterized and the desired genotype is known, only a few if any individuals having the desired genotype may be found in a large F₂ or S₀ population. Typically, however, the genotype of neither the parents nor the desired genotype is known in any detail.

In addition to the preceding problem, it is not known how the genotype will react with the environment. This genotype by environment interaction is an important, yet unpredictable, factor in plant breeding. A breeder of ordinary skill in the art cannot predict the genotype, how that genotype will interact with various environments or the resulting phenotypes of the developing lines, except perhaps in a very broad and general fashion. A breeder of ordinary skill in the art would also be unable to recreate the same line twice from the very same original parents as the breeder is unable to direct how the genomes combine or how they will interact with the environmental conditions. This unpredictability results in the expenditure of large amounts of research resources in the development of a superior new maize inbred line.

Pioneer research station staff propose about 400 to 500 new inbreds each year from over 2,000,000 pollinations. Of those proposed new inbreds, less than 50 and more commonly less than 30 are actually selected for commercial use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, there is provided a novel inbred maize line, designated PH54B. This invention thus relates to the seeds of inbred maize line PH54B, to the plants of inbred maize line PH54B, and to methods for producing a maize plant produced by crossing inbred maize line PH54B with itself or another maize line. This invention further relates to hybrid maize seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line PH54B with another maize line.

Definitions

In the description and examples that follow, a number of terms are used herein. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of the specification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms, the following definitions are provided. NOTE: ABS is in absolute terms and % MN is percent of the mean for the experiments in which the inbred or hybrid was grown. These designators will follow the descriptors to denote how the values are to be interpreted. Below are the descriptors used in the data tables included herein.

ANT ROT=ANTHRACNOSE STALK ROT (Colletotrichum graminicola). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Anthracnose Stalk Rot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

BAR PLT=BARREN PLANTS. The percent of plants per plot that were not barren (lack ears).

BRT STK=BRITTLE STALKS. This is a measure of the stalk breakage near the time of pollination, and is an indication of whether a hybrid or inbred would snap or break near the time of flowering under severe winds. Data are presented as percentage of plants that did not snap.

BU ACR=YIELD (BUSHELS/ACRE). Yield of the grain at harvest in bushels per acre adjusted to 15.5% moisture.

CLN=CORN LETHAL NECROSIS. Synergistic interaction of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) in combination with either maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV-A or MDMV-B) or wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Corn Lethal Necrosis. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

COM RST=COMMON RUST (Puccinia sorghi). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Common Rust. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

D/D=DRYDOWN. This represents the relative rate at which a hybrid will reach acceptable harvest moisture compared to other hybrids on a 1-9 rating scale. A high score indicates a hybrid that dries relatively fast while a low score indicates a hybrid that dries slowly.

DIP ERS=DIPLODIA EAR MOLD SCORES (Diplodia maydis and Diplodia macroscpora). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Diplodia Ear Mold. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

DRP EAR=DROPPED EARS. A measure of the number of dropped ears per plot and represents the percentage of plants that did not drop ears prior to harvest.

D/T=DROUGHT TOLERANCE. This represents a 1-9 rating for drought tolerance, and is based on data obtained under stress conditions. A high score indicates good drought tolerance and a low score indicates poor drought tolerance.

EAR HT=EAR HEIGHT. The ear height is a measure from the ground to the highest placed developed ear node attachment and is measured in inches.

EAR MLD=General Ear Mold. Visual rating (1-9 score) where a "1" is very susceptible and a "9" is very resistant. This is based on overall rating for ear mold of mature ears without determining the specific mold organism, and may not be predictive for a specific ear mold.

EAR SZ=EAR SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating of ear size. The higher the rating the larger the ear size.

ECB 1LF=EUROPEAN CORN BORER FIRST GENERATION LEAF FEEDING (Ostrinia nubilalis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to preflowering leaf feeding by first generation European Corn Borer. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

ECB 2IT=EUROPEAN CORN BORER SECOND GENERATION INCHES OF TUNNELING (Ostrinia nubilalis). Average inches of tunneling per plant in the stalk.

ECB 2SC=EUROPEAN CORN BORER SECOND GENERATION (Ostrinia nubilalis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating post flowering degree of stalk breakage and other evidence of feeding by European Corn Borer, Second Generation. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

ECB DPE=EUROPEAN CORN BORER DROPPED EARS (Ostrinia nubilalis). Dropped ears due to European Corn Borer. Percentage of plants that did not drop ears under second generation corn borer infestation.

EST CNT=EARLY STAND COUNT. This is a measure of the stand establishment in the spring and represents the number of plants that emerge on per plot basis for the inbred or hybrid.

EYE SPT=Eye Spot (Kabatiella zeae or Aureobasidium zeae). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Eye Spot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

FUS ERS=FUSARIUM EAR ROT SCORE (Fusarium moniliforme or Fusarium subglutinans). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Fusarium ear rot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

GDU=Growing Degree Units. Using the Barger Heat Unit Theory, which assumes that maize growth occurs in the temperature range 50° F.-86° F. and that temperatures outside this range slow down growth; the maximum daily heat unit accumulation is 36 and the minimum daily heat unit accumulation is 0. The seasonal accumulation of GDU is a major factor in determining maturity zones.

GDU SHD=GDU TO SHED. The number of growing degree units (GDUs) or heat units required for an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plants shedding pollen and is measured from the time of planting. Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method, where the heat units for a 24-hour period are: ##EQU1##

The highest maximum temperature used is 86° F. and the lowest minimum temperature used is 50° F. For each inbred or hybrid it takes a certain number of GDUs to reach various stages of plant development.

GDU SLK=GDU TO SILK. The number of growing degree units required for an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plants with silk emergence from time of planting. Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method as given in GDU SHD definition.

GIB ERS=GIBBERELLA EAR ROT (PINK MOLD) (Gibberella zeae). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Gibberella Ear Rot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

GLF SPT=Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Gray Leaf Spot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

GOS WLT=Goss' Wilt (Corynebacterium nebraskense). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Goss' Wilt. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

GRN APP=GRAIN APPEARANCE. This is a 1 to 9 rating for the general appearance of the shelled grain as it is harvested based on such factors as the color of harvested grain, any mold on the grain, and any cracked grain. High scores indicate good grain quality.

H/POP=YIELD AT HIGH DENSITY. Yield ability at relatively high plant densities on 1-9 relative rating system with a higher number indicating the hybrid responds well to high plant densities for yield relative to other hybrids. A 1, 5, and 9 would represent very poor, average, and very good yield response, respectively, to increased plant density.

HC BLT=HELMINTHOSPORIUM CARBONUM LEAF BLIGHT (Helminthosporium carbonum). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Helminthosporium infection. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

HD SMT=HEAD SMUT (Sphacelotheca reiliana). This score indicates the percentage of plants not infected.

INC D/A=GROSS INCOME (DOLLARS PER ACRE). Relative income per acre assuming drying costs of two cents per point above 15.5 percent harvest moisture and current market price per bushel.

INCOME/ACRE. Income advantage of hybrid to be patented over other hybrid on per acre basis.

INC ADV=GROSS INCOME ADVANTAGE. GROSS INCOME advantage of variety #1 over variety #2.

L/POP=YIELD AT LOW DENSITY. Yield ability at relatively low plant densities on a 1-9 relative system with a higher number indicating the hybrid responds well to low plant densities for yield relative to other hybrids. A 1, 5, and 9 would represent very poor, average, and very good yield response, respectively, to low plant density.

MDM CPX=MAIZE DWARF MOSAIC COMPLEX (MDMV=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus and MCDV=Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

MST=HARVEST MOISTURE. The moisture is the actual percentage moisture of the grain at harvest.

MST ADV=MOISTURE ADVANTAGE. The moisture advantage of variety #1 over variety #2 as calculated by: MOISTURE of variety #2-MOISTURE of variety #1 =MOISTURE ADVANTAGE of variety #1.

NLF BLT=Northern Leaf Blight (Helminthosporium turcicum or Exserohilum turcicum). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Northern Leaf Blight. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

PLT HT=PLANT HEIGHT. This is a measure of the height of the plant from the ground to the tip of the tassel in inches.

POL SC=POLLEN SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount of pollen shed. The higher the score the more pollen shed.

POL WT=POLLEN WEIGHT. This is calculated by dry weight of tassels collected as shedding commences minus dry weight from similar tassels harvested after shedding is complete.

It should be understood that the inbred can, through routine manipulation of cytoplasmic or other factors, be produced in a male-sterile form. Such embodiments are also contemplated within the scope of the present claims.

POP K/A=PLANT POPULATIONS. Measured as 1000s per acre.

POP ADV=PLANT POPULATION ADVANTAGE. The plant population advantage of variety #1 over variety #2 as calculated by PLANT POPULATION of variety #2-PLANT POPULATION of variety #1 =PLANT POPULATION ADVANTAGE of variety #1.

PRM=PREDICTED RELATIVE MATURITY. This trait, predicted relative maturity, is based on the harvest moisture of the grain. The relative maturity rating is based on a known set of checks and utilizes standard linear regression analyses and is also referred to as the Comparative Relative Maturity Rating System that is similar to the Minnesota Relative Maturity Rating System.

PRM SHD=A relative measure of the growing degree units (GDU) required to reach 50% pollen shed. Relative values are predicted values from the linear regression of observed GDU's on relative maturity of commercial checks.

RT LDG=ROOT LODGING. Root lodging is the percentage of plants that do not root lodge; plants that lean from the vertical axis at an approximately 30° angle or greater would be counted as root lodged.

RTL ADV=ROOT LODGING ADVANTAGE. The root lodging advantage of variety #1 over variety #2.

SCT GRN=SCATTER GRAIN. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount of scatter grain (lack of pollination or kernel abortion) on the ear. The higher the score the less scatter grain.

SDG VGR=SEEDLING VIGOR. This is the visual rating (1 to 9) of the amount of vegetative growth after emergence at the seedling stage (approximately five leaves). A higher score indicates better vigor.

SEL IND=SELECTION INDEX. The selection index gives a single measure of the hybrid's worth based on information for up to five traits. A maize breeder may utilize his or her own set of traits for the selection index. One of the traits that is almost always included is yield. The selection index data presented in the tables represent the mean value averaged across testing stations.

SLF BLT=SOUTHERN LEAF BLIGHT (Helminthosporium maydis or Bipolaris maydis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Southern Leaf Blight. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

SOU RST=SOUTHERN RUST (Puccinia polysora). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Southern Rust. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

STA GRN=STAY GREEN. Stay green is the measure of plant health near the time of black layer formation (physiological maturity). A high score indicates better late-season plant health.

STD ADV=STALK STANDING ADVANTAGE. The advantage of variety #1 over variety #2 for the trait STK CNT.

STK CNT=NUMBER OF PLANTS. This is the final stand or number of plants per plot.

STK LDG=STALK LODGING. This is the percentage of plants that did not stalk lodge (stalk breakage) as measured by either natural lodging or pushing the stalks and determining the percentage of plants that break below the ear.

STW WLT=Stewart's Wilt (Erwinia stewartii). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Stewart's Wilt. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

TAS BLS=TASSEL BLAST. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to measure the degree of blasting (necrosis due to heat stress) of the tassel at the time of flowering. A 1 would indicate a very high level of blasting at time of flowering, while a 9 would have no tassel blasting.

TAS SZ=TASSEL SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate the relative size of the tassel. The higher the rating the larger the tassel.

TAS WT=TASSEL WEIGHT. This is the average weight of a tassel (grams) just prior to pollen shed.

TEX EAR=EAR TEXTURE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate the relative hardness (smoothness of crown) of mature grain. A 1 would be very soft (extreme dent) while a 9 would be very hard (flinty or very smooth crown).

TILLER=TILLERS. A count of the number of tillers per plot that could possibly shed pollen was taken. Data is given as a percentage of tillers: number of tillers per plot divided by number of plants per plot.

TST WT=TEST WEIGHT (UNADJUSTED). The measure of the weight of the grain in pounds for a given volume (bushel).

TST WTA=TEST WEIGHT ADJUSTED. The measure of the weight of the grain in pounds for a given volume (bushel) adjusted for 15.5 percent moisture.

TSW ADV=TEST WEIGHT ADVANTAGE. The test weight advantage of variety #1 over variety #2.

WIN M%=PERCENT MOISTURE WINS.

WIN Y%=PERCENT YIELD WINS.

YLD=YIELD. It is the same as BU ACR ABS.

YLD ADV=YIELD ADVANTAGE. The yield advantage of variety #1 over variety #2 as calculated by: YIELD of variety #1=YIELD variety #2 =yield advantage of variety #1.

YLD SC=YIELD SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to give a relative rating for yield based on plot ear piles. The higher the rating the greater visual yield appearance.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Inbred maize lines are typically developed for use in the production of hybrid maize lines. Inbred maize lines need to be highly homogeneous, homozygous and reproducible to be useful as parents of commercial hybrids. There are many analytical methods available to determine the homozygotic and phenotypic stability of these inbred lines.

The oldest and most traditional method of analysis is the observation of phenotypic traits. The data is usually collected in field experiments over the life of the maize plants to be examined. Phenotypic characteristics most often observed are for traits associated with plant morphology, ear and kernel morphology, insect and disease resistance, maturity, and yield.

In addition to phenotypic observations, the genotype of a plant can also be examined. There are many laboratory-based techniques available for the analysis, comparison and characterization of plant genotype; among these are Isozyme Electrophoresis, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs), and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) which are also referred to as Microsatellites.

The most widely used of these laboratory techniques are Isozyme Electrophoresis and RFLPs as discussed in Lee, M., "Inbred Lines of Maize and Their Molecular Markers," The Maize Handbook, (Springer-Verlag, New York, Inc. 1994, at 423-432)incorporated herein by reference. Isozyme Electrophoresis is a useful tool in determining genetic composition, although it has relatively low number of available markers and the low number of allelic variants among maize inbreds. RFLPs have the advantage of revealing an exceptionally high degree of allelic variation in maize and the number of available markers is almost limitless.

Maize RFLP linkage maps have been rapidly constructed and widely implemented in genetic studies. One such study is described in Boppenmaier, et al., "Comparisons among strains of inbreds for RFLPs", Maize Genetics Cooperative Newsletter, 65:1991, pg. 90, is incorporated herein by reference. This study used 101 RFLP markers to analyze the patterns of 2 to 3 different deposits each of five different inbred lines. The inbred lines had been selfed from 9 to 12 times before being adopted into 2 to 3 different breeding programs. It was results from these 2 to 3 different breeding programs that supplied the different deposits for analysis. These five lines were maintained in the separate breeding programs by selfing or sibbing and rogueing off-type plants for an additional one to eight generations. After the RFLP analysis was completed, it was determined the five lines showed 0-2% residual heterozygosity. Although this was a relatively small study, it can be seen using RFLPs that the lines had been highly homozygous prior to the separate strain maintenance.

Inbred maize line PH54B is a yellow, dent maize inbred that is best suited as a male in crosses for producing first generation F₁ maize hybrids. Inbred maize line PH54B is best adapted to the Northeast region of the United States and portions of Canada and can be used to produce hybrids at approximately 79-85 relative maturity based on the Comparative Relative Maturity Rating System for harvest moisture of grain. Inbred maize line PH54B yields extremely well for its maturity with fast dry down. This inbred has phenomenal yield to moisture ratio as demonstrated in the Tables included herewith and summarized below.

    ______________________________________                                         TABLE       BU ACR % MN  MST % MN                                              ______________________________________                                         4A          106          95                                                    4B          106          95                                                    4C          106          96                                                    4D          114          98                                                    4E          111          99                                                    4F          108          95                                                    5A          111          95                                                    5B          110          93                                                    ______________________________________                                    

The less favorable points of inbred PH54B are weak roots and low test weight, however, the high yield coupled with fast drydown make PH54B hybrids profitable to farmers in the earliest maturities of the North America Corn Belt. The taller plant and higher ear stature of PH54B are important additions to the PH54B hybrids as these allow PH54B hybrids to be used as both grain and silage hybrids.

The inbred has shown uniformity and stability within the limits of environmental influence for all the traits as described in the Variety Description Information (Table 1) that follows. The inbred has been self-pollinated and ear-rowed a sufficient number of generations with careful attention paid to uniformity of plant type to ensure the homozygosity and phenotypic stability necessary to use in commercial production. The line has been increased both by hand and in isolated fields with continued observation for uniformity. No variant traits have been observed or are expected in PH54B.

Inbred maize line PH54B, being substantially homozygous, can be reproduced by planting seeds of the line, growing the resulting maize plants under self-pollinating or sib-pollinating conditions with adequate isolation, and harvesting the resulting seed, using techniques familiar to the agricultural arts.

                  TABLE 1                                                          ______________________________________                                         VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION                                                INBRED = PH54B                                                                 Type: Dent Region Best Adapted: Northeast                                      ______________________________________                                         A.    Maturity: Average across maturity zones. Zone: 0                               GDU Shed: 1190                                                                 GDU Silk: 1220                                                                 No. Reps: 31                                                             B.    Plant Characteristics:                                                         Plant height (to tassel tip): 87 in.                                     C.    Tassel:                                                                        Pollen Shed: Light based on Pollen Yield Test                                  (74% of experiment means)                                                      Anther Color: Yellow*                                                          Glume Color: Green*                                                      D.    Ear (Husked Ear Data Except When Stated Otherwise):                            Silk Color: Green*                                                             Husk Extension (Harvest stage): Medium (barely                                 covering ear)                                                                  Husk Leaf: Short                                                               Taper of Ear: Average                                                          Position of Shank (dry husks): Upright                                         Kernel Rows: Slightly cureved, indistinct                                      Husk Color (fresh): Light Green*                                               Husk Color (dry): Buff*                                                  E.    Cob:                                                                           Color: Red*                                                              F.    Diseases:                                                                      Carbonum Leaf Blight (H. carbonum): Resistant                                  N. Leaf Blight (E. turcicum): Susceptible                                      Eye Spot (K. zeae): Susceptible                                                Goss's Wilt (C. nebraskense): Resistant                                        Fusarium Ear Mold (F. moniliforme): Intermediate                               Gibberella Ear Rot (G. zeae): Resistant                                  G.    Insects:                                                                       European Corn Borer-1 Leaf Damage                                              (Pre-flowering): Susceptible                                                   European Corn Borer-2 (Post-flowering): Resistant                              The above descriptions are based on a scale of 1-9,                            1 being highly susceptible, 9 being highly resistant                           S (Susceptible): Would generally represent a score                             of 1-3.                                                                        I (Intermediate): Would generally represent a score                            of 4-5.                                                                        R (Resistant): Would generally represent a score of 6-7.                       H (Highly Resistant): Would generally represent a                              score of 8-9. Highly resistant does not imply                                  the inbred is immune.                                                    H.    Variety Most Closely Resembling:                                               Character: Inbred                                                              Maturity PHGW7                                                                 Usage PHGW7                                                              ______________________________________                                          *In interpreting the foregoing color designations, reference may be had t      the Munsell Glossy Book of Color, a standard color reference.                  Data for Items B, C, D and E is based primarily on description informatio      from the maintaining station.                                                  PHGW7 (PVP Certificate No. 9200083) is a Pioneer HiBred International,         Inc. proprietary inbred.                                                 

Industrial Applicability

This invention also is directed to methods for producing a maize plant by crossing a first parent maize plant with a second parent maize plant wherein the first or second parent maize plant is an inbred maize plant of the line PH54B. Further, both first and second parent maize plants can come from the inbred maize line PH54B. Thus, any such methods using the inbred maize line PH54B are part of this invention: selfing, backcrosses, hybrid production, crosses to populations, and the like. All plants produced using inbred maize line PH54B as a parent are within the scope of this invention. Advantageously, the inbred maize line is used in crosses with other, different, maize inbreds to produce first generation (F₁) maize hybrid seeds and plants with superior characteristics.

As used herein, the term plant includes plant cells, plant protoplasts, plant cell tissue cultures from which maize plants can be regenerated, plant calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants or parts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, ovules, flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, leaves, husks, stalks, roots, root tips, anthers, silk and the like.

Duncan, Williams, Zehr, and Widholm, Planta (1985) 165:322-332 reflects that 97% of the plants cultured that produced callus were capable of plant regeneration. Subsequent experiments with both inbreds and hybrids produced 91% regenerable callus that produced plants. In a further study in 1988, Songstad, Duncan & Widholm in Plant Cell Reports (1988), 7:262-265 reports several media additions that enhance regenerability of callus of two inbred lines. Other published reports also indicated that "nontraditional" tissues are capable of producing somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. K. P. Rao, et al., Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter, 60:64-65 (1986), refers to somatic embryogenesis from glume callus cultures and B. V. Conger, et al., Plant Cell Reports, 6:345-347 (1987) indicates somatic embryogenesis from the tissue cultures of maize leaf segments. Thus, it is clear from the literature that the state of the art is such that these methods of obtaining plants are, and were, "conventional" in the sense that they are routinely used and have a very high rate of success.

Tissue culture of maize is described in European Patent Application, publication 160,390, incorporated herein by reference. Maize tissue culture procedures are also described in Green and Rhodes, "Plant Regeneration in Tissue Culture of Maize," Maize for Biological Research (Plant Molecular Biology Association, Charlottesville, Va. 1982, at 367-372) and in Duncan, et al., "The Production of Callus Capable of Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryos of Numerous Zea Mays Genotypes," 165 Planta 322-332 (1985). Thus, another aspect of this invention is to provide cells which upon growth and differentiation produce maize plants having the physiological and morphological characteristics of inbred line PH54B.

Maize is used as human food, livestock feed, and as raw material in industry. The food uses of maize, in addition to human consumption of maize kernels, include both products of dry- and wet-milling industries. The principal products of maize dry milling are grits, meal and flour. The maize wet-milling industry can provide maize starch, maize syrups, and dextrose for food use. Maize oil is recovered from maize germ, which is a by-product of both dry- and wet-milling industries.

Maize, including both grain and non-grain portions of the plant, is also used extensively as livestock feed, primarily for beef cattle, dairy cattle, hogs, and poultry.

Industrial uses of maize include production of ethanol, maize starch in the wet-milling industry and maize flour in the dry-milling industry. The industrial applications of maize starch and flour are based on functional properties, such as viscosity, film formation, adhesive properties, and ability to suspend particles. The maize starch and flour have application in the paper and textile industries. Other industrial uses include applications in adhesives, building materials, foundry binders, laundry starches, explosives, oil-well muds, and other mining applications.

Plant parts other than the grain of maize are also used in industry: for example, stalks and husks are made into paper and wallboard and cobs are used for fuel and to make charcoal.

The seed of inbred maize line PH54B, the plant produced from the inbred seed, the hybrid maize plant produced from the crossing of the inbred, hybrid seed, and various parts of the hybrid maize plant can be utilized for human food, livestock feed, and as a raw material in industry.

Performance Examples of PH54B

In the examples that follow, the traits and characteristics of inbred maize line PH54B are given as a line. The data collected on inbred maize line PH54B is presented for the key characteristics and traits.

The inbred per se results in Table 2A compare PH54B to its parent, PHR25. The results show PH54B is higher yielding than PHR25. Inbred PH54B has a significantly higher seedling vigor and early stand count than PHR25. In addition, PH54B is significantly taller with a significantly earlier GDU to shed and GDU to silk than PHR25. These traits allow PH54B hybrids to be grown in areas in the extreme north part of the Corn Belt, where cold soils and a short growing season limit a farmers choice of hybrids to vigorous hybrids that flower and mature quickly.

Table 2B compares PH54B to its other parent, PHN80. The inbred per se results show PH54B is higher yielding than PHN80. Inbred PH54B has a significantly higher seedling vigor and early stand count than PHN80. In addition, PH54B has significantly taller plants with higher ear height than PHN80.

The inbred per se results in Table 2C compare inbred PH54B to inbred PHK05. Again, PH54B is the higher yielding inbred. Although both inbreds have similar seedling vigor scores, inbred PH54B has a significantly higher early stand count and a significantly lower percentage of tillers. In addition, PH54B has significantly taller plants with higher ear height than PHK05.

The inbred per se results of Table 2D compare PH54B to PHT73. Although no yield data was reported in this comparison, inbred PH54B demonstrates a higher early stand count and a slightly higher seedling vigor. In addition, PH54B has taller plants with higher ears than PHT73.

Table 2E shows a comparison of inbred per se results of inbred PH54B and inbred PHG68. Although no yield data was reported in this comparison, inbred PH54B shows a significantly higher seedling vigor and early stand count than inbred PHG68. Inbred PH54B has significantly taller plants with higher ear placement than inbred PHG68.

The inbred per se results in Table 2F compare PH54B to PHM81. Inbred PH54B shows a somewhat higher yield with a lower test weight than inbred PHM81. As observed in previous tables, PH54B demonstrates a significantly higher seedling vigor and early stand count. In addition, PH54B has taller plants with higher ear placement than PHM81.

Tables 3A and 3B show a comparison of general combining ability of PH54B and other inbreds. Table 3A shows a comparison of PH54B to PHR25. In Table 3A, PH54B demonstrates a higher yield than PHR25.

The results of Table 3B compare the general combining ability of inbred PH54B to inbred PHK05. The hybrids of PH54B demonstrate a higher yield and faster drydown than the hybrids of PHK05. The PH54B hybrids show a higher resistance to root lodging and somewhat better resistance to stalk lodging than the PHK05 hybrids.

Tables 4A through 4F show comparisons of specific combining ability. Table 4A shows a PH54B hybrid, produced by crossing a PH54B hybrid, produced by crossing PH54B and PHRE1, and a PHAJ0 hybrid, produced by crossing PHAJ0 and PHRE 1. The PH54B hybrid has a significantly higher yield and better stalk lodging resistance than the PHAJ0 hybrid. The PH54B hybrid shows taller plants with higher ears than the PHAJ0 hybrid.

The results in Table 4B compare the specific combining ability of PH54B and PH90A. The PH54B hybrid is produced by crossing PH54B and PHRE1. The PH90A hybrid is produced by crossing PH90A and PHRE1. The PH54B hybrid has a significantly higher yield and faster drydown than the PH90A hybrid. The PH54B hybrid has taller plants with higher ear placement and higher resistance to stalk lodging than the PH90A hybrid.

Table 4C compares the specific combining ability of PH54B and PHKM5. The PH54B hybrid is produced by crossing PH54B and PHRE1. The PHKM5 hybrid is produced by crossing PHKM5 and PHRE1. The two hybrids show a similar yield and drydown while the PHKM5 hybrid demonstrates a higher test weight and seedling vigor. The PH54B hybrid has taller plants with higher ears than the PHKM5 hybrid.

Table 4D shows a comparison of the specific combining abilities of PH54B and PHT73. The PH54B hybrid is produced by crossing PH54B and PHFA5. The PHT73 hybrid is produced by crossing PHT73 and PHFA5. The PH54B hybrid is significantly higher yielding with significantly better stand establishment than the PHT73 hybrid. In addition, the PH54B hybrid has taller plants with higher ears and higher stay green score than the PHT73 hybrid.

Table 4E compares specific combining ability of PH54B and PHG68. The PH54B hybrid is produced by crossing PH54B and PHFA5. The PHG68 hybrid is produced by crossing PHG68 and PHFA5. The PH54B hybrid has a significantly higher yield than the PHG68 hybrid. The results also show the PH54B hybrid to have a higher early stand count as well as significantly better staygreen and resistance to stalk lodging than the PHG68 hybrid.

Table 4F compares the specific combining ability of PH54B and PHK05. The PH54B hybrid is produced by crossing PH54B and PHRE1. The PHK05 hybrid is produced by crossing PHK05 and PHRE1. The PH54B hybrid has significantly higher yield as well as Stalk Lodging resistance than the PHK05 hybrid.

Tables 5A and 5B show comparisons of PH54B hybrids and other hybrids of a similar maturity which have yield and standability deficiencies. The PH54B hybrids provide an improvement over these hybrids as seen in Tables 5A and 5B.

Table 5A shows the comparison of PH54B crossed to PHRE 1 and PHH51 crossed to PHK05. The PHH51/PHK05 hybrid is one of the earliest hybrids sold in the U.S. Corn Belt. The PH54B/PHRE 1 is 3 days later, but yields significantly more than the PHH51/PHK05 hybrid. The results also show improved roots and significantly better stalk lodging resistance.

Table 5B shows the comparison of PH54B crossed to PHRE 1 and PHJ40 crossed to PHT73. The PH54B/PHRE 1 hybrid has a 3 day earlier PRM and is significantly higher yielding with faster drydown than the PHJ40/PHT73 hybrid. Additionally, the PH54B/PHRE1 hybrid is taller and higher eared with higher stalk lodging resistance than the PHJ40/PHT73 hybrid.

                                      TABLE 2A                                     __________________________________________________________________________     PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                  VARIETY #1 = PH54B                                                             VARIETY #2 = PHR25                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                 BU   BU      TST SDG EST TIL GDU GDU                                           ACR  ACR MST WT  VGR CNT LER SHD SLK                                       VAR#                                                                               ABS  % MN                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                               __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   61.4 101 15.2                                                                               59.8                                                                               5.9 44.0                                                                               0.6 109.4                                                                              112.1                                     2   56.9 94  14.6                                                                               58.8                                                                               4.6 34.0                                                                               2.2 112.9                                                                              115.1                                     LOCS                                                                               2    2   2   2   23  39  32  56  56                                        REPS                                                                               4    4   4   4   26  50  42  66  66                                        DIFF                                                                               4.5  7   0.5 1.0 1.3 10.0                                                                               1.6 3.5 3.0                                       PROB                                                                               .206 .217                                                                               .694                                                                               .407                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .002#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                             __________________________________________________________________________                 POL  POL POL  TAS  TAS  PLT  EAR RT                                            WT   WT  SC   BLS  SZ   HT   HT  LDG                                       VAR#                                                                               ABS  % MN                                                                               ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS                               __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   73.3 66  5.4  9.0  4.9  76.6 31.6                                                                               32.6                                      2   129.7                                                                               115 5.7  8.7  5.8  72.5 28.6                                                                               61.4                                      LOCS                                                                               15   15  22   5    16   26   26  4                                         REPS                                                                               20   20  27   7    17   29   29  4                                         DIFF                                                                               56.4 48  0.4  0.3  0.8  4.1  3.0 28.8                                      PROB                                                                               .001#                                                                               .001#                                                                              .242 .070*                                                                               .038+                                                                               .000#                                                                               .002#                                                                              .286                              __________________________________________________________________________                 STA  STK BRT  GRN  SCT  EAR  TEX EAR                                           GRN  LDG STK  APP  GRN  SZ   EAR MLD                                       VAR#                                                                               ABS  ABS ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS                               __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   2.6  97.1                                                                               100.0                                                                               5.0  6.5  4.5  3.0 5.8                                       2   3.6  98.6                                                                               95.7 4.2  6.3  5.5  2.0 6.8                                       LOCS                                                                               5    3   2    2    4    2    3   5                                         REPS                                                                               7    5   2    4    5    2    3   6                                         DIFF                                                                               1.0  1.5 4.3  0.8  0.3  1.0  1.0 1.0                                       PROB                                                                               .142 .191                                                                               .500 .344 .638 .000#                                                                               .000#                                                                              .266                              __________________________________________________________________________                       BAR DRP        NLF HD                                                          PLT EAR        BLT SMT                                                  VAR#   ABS ABS        ABS ABS                                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM  1      99.1                                                                               97.0       2.0 100.0                                                2      98.5                                                                               99.0       2.0 100.0                                                LOCS   10  2          1   2                                                    REPS   12  4          1   4                                                    DIFF   0.6 2.1        0.0 0.0                                                  PROB   .607                                                                               .012+          1.00                                      __________________________________________________________________________      * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                        

                                      TABLE 2B                                     __________________________________________________________________________     PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                  VARIETY #1 = PH54B                                                             VARIETY #2 = PHN80                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                 BU  BU      TST SDG EST TIL                                                    ACR ACR MST WT  VGR CNT LER                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS % MN                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   61.4                                                                               101 15.2                                                                               59.8                                                                               6.0 33.8                                                                               0.0                                                2   35.6                                                                               59  14.2                                                                               59.2                                                                               4.3 27.9                                                                               1.9                                                LOCS                                                                               2   2   2   2   8   7   3                                                  REPS                                                                               4   4   4   4   11  10  5                                                  DIFF                                                                               25.8                                                                               43  1.0 0.6 1.8 5.9 1.9                                                PROB                                                                               .072*                                                                              .090*                                                                              .672                                                                               .590                                                                               .016+                                                                              .052*                                                                              .190                                       __________________________________________________________________________                 GDU GDU POL TAS PLT EAR RT                                                     SHD SLK SC  SZ  HT  HT  LDG                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   102.6                                                                              105.5                                                                              4.7 5.3 78.2                                                                               33.3                                                                               91.7                                               2   102.4                                                                              105.0                                                                              4.7 4.3 68.4                                                                               27.7                                                                               100.0                                              LOCS                                                                               14  14  3   3   8   8   1                                                  REPS                                                                               16  16  3   3   10  10  1                                                  DIFF                                                                               0.1 0.6 0.0 1.0 9.8 5.6 8.3                                                PROB                                                                               .926                                                                               .678                                                                               .000#                                                                              .225                                                                               .001#                                                                              .007#                                          __________________________________________________________________________                 STA STK  GRN  EAR  BAR  DRP                                                    GRN LDG  APP  MLD  PLT  EAR                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   2.0 95.6 5.0  5.0  99.3 99.0                                               2   2.0 98.5 4.8  5.0  95.7 99.3                                               LOCS                                                                               2   2    2    1    2    2                                                  REPS                                                                               4   4    4    1    4    3                                                  DIFF                                                                               0.0 2.9  0.3  0.0  3.6  0.4                                                PROB                                                                               1.00                                                                               .275 .910      .376                                            __________________________________________________________________________      * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                        

                                      TABLE 2C                                     __________________________________________________________________________     PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                  VARIETY #1 = PH54B                                                             VARIETY #2 = PHK05                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                 BU  BU      TST SDG EST TIL GDU GDU                                            ACR ACR MST WT  VGR CNT LER SHD SLK                                        VAR#                                                                               ABS % MN                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   61.4                                                                               101 15.2                                                                               59.8                                                                               5.9 45.5                                                                               0.5 110.8                                                                              113.1                                      2   38.3                                                                               63  15.3                                                                               60.5                                                                               5.9 39.9                                                                               6.1 98.9                                                                               101.1                                      LOCS                                                                               2   2   2   2   20  44  35  58  58                                         REPS                                                                               4   4   4   4   23  72  50  71  71                                         DIFF                                                                               23.1                                                                               38  0.1 0.7 0.0 5.6 5.6 11.9                                                                               12.0                                       PROB                                                                               .131                                                                               .147                                                                               .902                                                                               .492                                                                               .908                                                                               .005#                                                                              .007#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                              __________________________________________________________________________                 POL POL  POL  TAS  TAS  PLT EAR RT                                             WT  WT   SC   BLS  SZ   HT  HT  LDG                                        VAR#                                                                               ABS %MN  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   99.5                                                                               73   5.5  9.0  5.1  77.7                                                                               31.3                                                                               32.6                                       2   155.1                                                                              120  6.0  8.2  5.6  68.2                                                                               24.8                                                                               45.6                                       LOCS                                                                               14  14   27   6    14   24  24  4                                          REPS                                                                               23  23   35   9    15   27  27  4                                          DIFF                                                                               55.6                                                                               47   0.5  0.8  0.5  9.5 6.5 13.0                                       PROB                                                                               .001#                                                                              .001#                                                                               .064*                                                                               .363 .089*                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .569                               __________________________________________________________________________                 STA STK  BRT  GRN  SCT  EAR TEX EAR                                            GRN LDG  STK  APP  GRN  SZ  EAR MLD                                        VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   2.6 95.6 100.0                                                                               5.0  5.0  4.0 3.3 5.8                                        2   3.2 94.6 100.0                                                                               4.8  8.0  3.5 8.0 7.0                                        LOCS                                                                               5   2    2    2    2    2   3   4                                          REPS                                                                               7   4    2    4    3    2   3   6                                          DIFF                                                                               0.6 1.0  0.0  0.3  3.0  0.5 4.7 1.3                                        PROB                                                                               .414                                                                               .674 1.00 .874 .374 .500                                                                               .020+                                                                              .194                               __________________________________________________________________________                   BAR     DRP  NLF  GOS  HD     FUS                                              PLT     EAR  BLT  WLT  SMT    ERS                                          VAR#                                                                               ABS     ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS    ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM 1   99.4    97.0 2.9  7.5  98.5   4.0                                          2   98.2    99.8 5.1  5.5  82.5   3.0                                          LOCS                                                                               9       2    3    1    3      1                                            REPS                                                                               11      4    6    2    6      2                                            DIFF                                                                               1.3     2.8  2.2  2.0  16.0   1.0                                          PROB                                                                               .404    .161 .031+     .287                                      __________________________________________________________________________                   GIB     EYE  HC   ECB  ECB    ECB                                              ERS     SPT  BLT  DPE  1LF    2SC                                          VAR#                                                                               ABS     ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS    ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM 1   5.3     3.0  6.7  62.5 2.7    5.8                                          2   5.5     5.5  7.3  75.0 6.2    3.3                                          LOCS                                                                               2       1    1    1    3      3                                            REPS                                                                               4       2    3    2    6      6                                            DIFF                                                                               0.3     2.5  0.7  12.5 3.5    2.5                                          PROB                                                                               .874                   .136   .038+                              __________________________________________________________________________      * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                        

                                      TABLE 2D                                     __________________________________________________________________________     PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                  VARIETY #1 = PH54B                                                             VARIETY #2 = PHT73                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                 SDG EST TIL GDU GDU POL POL                                                    VGR CNT LER SHD SLK WT  WT                                                 VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS % MN                                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.9 46.7                                                                               0.6 110.3                                                                              112.7                                                                              79.0                                                                               63                                                 2   5.4 40.7                                                                               8.1 103.8                                                                              107.6                                                                              79.8                                                                               64                                                 LOCS                                                                               19  38  34  50  50  12  12                                                 REPS                                                                               19  49  47  61  61  21  21                                                 DIFF                                                                               0.5 6.0 7.5 6.5 5.1 0.8 1                                                  PROB                                                                               .126                                                                               .001#                                                                              .007#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .908                                                                               .934                                       __________________________________________________________________________                 POL  TAS  TAS  PLT  EAR RT                                                     SC   BLS  SZ   HT   HT  LDG                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.5  9.0  4.9  75.3 30.5                                                                               32.6                                               2   5.3  9.0  4.1  60.7 18.6                                                                               91.3                                               LOCS                                                                               25   6    16   22   22  4                                                  REPS                                                                               33   9    17   23   23  4                                                  DIFF                                                                               0.2  0.0  0.9  14.6 12.0                                                                               58.7                                               PROB                                                                               .381 1.00 .014+                                                                               .000#                                                                               .000#                                                                              .043+                                      __________________________________________________________________________                 STA  BRT  SCT  EAR  TEX EAR                                                    GRN  STK  GRN  SZ   EAR MLD                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   3.0  100.0                                                                               6.3  4.5  3.0 5.8                                                2   1.3  93.3 7.0  3.5  4.7 7.8                                                LOCS                                                                               3    2    3    2    3   4                                                  REPS                                                                               3    2    4    2    3   6                                                  DIFF                                                                               1.7  6.7  0.7  1.0  1.7 2.0                                                PROB                                                                               .130 .181 .529 .500 .038+                                                                              .236                                       __________________________________________________________________________                 BAR  NLF  GOS  HD   FUS GIB                                                    PLT  BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS ERS                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   99.5 2.9  7.5  98.9 4.0 5.8                                                2   90.8 1.8  4.0  84.5 5.0 5.8                                                LOCS                                                                               7    3    1    4    1   3                                                  REPS                                                                               7    6    2    8    2   6                                                  DIFF                                                                               8.7  1.1  3.5  14.4 1.0 0.0                                                PROB                                                                               .231 .362      .045+    .000#                                      __________________________________________________________________________                    EYE  HC   ECB  ECB  ECB                                                        SPT  BLT  DPE  1LF  2SC                                                   VAR #                                                                               ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                                         __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM 1    3.0  6.7  62.5 2.7  5.8                                                   2    4.5  7.7  100.0                                                                               7.0  2.5                                                   LOCS 1    1    1    3    3                                                     REPS 2    3    2    6    6                                                     DIFF 1.5  1.0  37.5 4.3  3.3                                                   PROB                .100 .063*                                       __________________________________________________________________________      * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                        

                                      TABLE 2E                                     __________________________________________________________________________     PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                  VARIETY #1 = PH54B                                                             VARIETY #2 = PHG68                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                 SDG EST TIL GDU GDU POL POL                                                    VGR CNT LER SHD SLK WT  WT                                                 VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS % MN                                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   6.1 46.7                                                                               0.6 111.4                                                                              113.9                                                                              92.3                                                                               75                                                 2   3.7 40.8                                                                               1.2 110.8                                                                              110.7                                                                              126.5                                                                              103                                                LOCS                                                                               16  40  33  52  52  24  24                                                 REPS                                                                               16  65  46  63  63  33  33                                                 DIFF                                                                               2.4 5.9 0.6 0.5 3.2 34.2                                                                               28                                                 PROB                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .196                                                                               .236                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                                      __________________________________________________________________________                 POL TAS TAS PLT EAR RT  STA                                                    SC  BLS SZ  HT  HT  LDG GRN                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.5 9.0 4.9 74.0                                                                               29.8                                                                               37.3                                                                               3.0                                                2   5.4 9.0 4.5 60.0                                                                               21.2                                                                               99.3                                                                               3.3                                                LOCS                                                                               26  6   17  20  20  3   3                                                  REPS                                                                               34  9   18  21  21  3   3                                                  DIFF                                                                               0.1 0.0 0.4 14.0                                                                               8.6 62.0                                                                               0.3                                                PROB                                                                               .716                                                                               1.00                                                                               .188                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .147                                                                               .423                                       __________________________________________________________________________                 BRT SCT EAR TEX EAR BAR HD                                                     STK GRN SZ  EAR MLD PLT SMT                                                VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   100.0                                                                              6.3 4.5 3.0 5.7 99.4                                                                               100.0                                              2   100.0                                                                              6.3 3.5 4.0 8.3 97.6                                                                               91.5                                               LOCS                                                                               2   3   2   2   3   6   2                                                  REPS                                                                               2   4   2   2   4   6   4                                                  DIFF                                                                               0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 2.7 1.8 8.5                                                PROB                                                                               1.00                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .270                                                                               .115                                                                               .347                                       __________________________________________________________________________      * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                        

                                      TABLE 2F                                     __________________________________________________________________________     PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                  VARIETY #1 = PH54B                                                             VARIETY #2 = PHM81                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                 BU  BU      TST SDG EST TIL GDU GDU                                            ACR ACR MST WT  VGR CNT LER SHD SLK                                        VAR#                                                                               ABS % MN                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   65.2                                                                               100 18.8                                                                               53.6                                                                               5.9 43.4                                                                               0.7 110.0                                                                              111.7                                      2   62.4                                                                               96  19.8                                                                               56.6                                                                               3.6 36.4                                                                               2.7 109.1                                                                              109.5                                      LOCS                                                                               9   9   15  10  19  35  21  37  35                                         REPS                                                                               17  17  25  20  24  47  25  42  38                                         DIFF                                                                               2.8 4   0.9 3.0 2.2 7.0 2.0 0.9 2.2                                        PROB                                                                               .621                                                                               .717                                                                               .178                                                                               .001#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                              .243                                                                               .158                                                                               .002#                              __________________________________________________________________________                 POL TAS TAS PLT EAR RT  STA STK BRT                                            SC  BLS SZ  HT  HT  LDG GRN LDS STK                                        VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.1 9.0 4.8 75.4                                                                               30.4                                                                               91.7                                                                               2.7 97.7                                                                               100.0                                      2   6.3 9.0 5.2 54.6                                                                               19.3                                                                               100.0                                                                              4.6 92.8                                                                               100.0                                      LOCS                                                                               15  3   13  25  25  1   5   9   1                                          REPS                                                                               15  3   14  32  32  1   8   18  2                                          DIFF                                                                               1.2 0.0 0.3 20.8                                                                               11.1                                                                               8.3 1.9 5.0 0.0                                        PROB                                                                               .036+                                                                              1.00                                                                               .487                                                                               .000#                                                                              .000#   .005#                                                                              .173                                   __________________________________________________________________________                 GRN SCT  EAR  TEX  EAR  BAR DRP HD                                             APP GRN  SZ   EAR  MLD  PLT EAR SMT                                        VAR#                                                                               ABS ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS ABS ABS                                __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3 6.5  4.5  3.0  5.0  97.1                                                                               99.2                                                                               100.0                                      2   6.5 7.3  5.5  5.0  7.5  96.2                                                                               100.0                                                                              100.0                                      LOCS                                                                               6   4    2    2    4    17  8   2                                          REPS                                                                               12  5    2    2    5    20  16  4                                          DIFF                                                                               1.2 0.8  1.0  2.0  2.5  0.9 0.8 0.0                                        PROB                                                                               .141                                                                               .391 .500 .000#                                                                               .063*                                                                               .664                                                                               .193                                                                               1.00                               __________________________________________________________________________      * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                        

                  TABLE 3A                                                         ______________________________________                                         Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PHR25                           To PH54B Crossed To The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In                       The Same Experiments. All Values Are Expressed As Percent Of                   The Experiment Mean Except Predicted RM, Selection Index,                      and Yield (BU/ACR)                                                                              SEL    BU            ECB                                              INBRED   IND    ACR      YLD  2SC                                      ______________________________________                                         TOTAL     REPLIC.     10     10    10   1                                      MEAN WTS  PHR25      100    118    95   7                                      MEAN WTS  PH54B      104    121    98   5                                                DIFF        4      3      2   2                                      ______________________________________                                    

                                      TABLE 3B                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PHK05 To PH54B Crossed          To The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In The Same Experiments. All              Values Are Expressed As Percent Of The Experiment Mean Except                  Predicted RM, Selection Index, and Yield (BU/ACR)                              __________________________________________________________________________                      SEL BU      PRM     TST                                              INBRED                                                                               PRM IND ACR YLD SHD MST WT                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL  REPLIC.                                                                              32  32  32  32   4  33  26                                        MEAN WTS                                                                              PHK05 76  96  115 95  83  93  55                                        MEAN WTS                                                                              PH54B 79  109 129 106 86  96  53                                               DIFF   2  13  14  12   4   3   2                                        __________________________________________________________________________                  SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR                                              INBRED                                                                               VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT                                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL  REPLIC.                                                                              23  24   6   2  32  18  18                                        MEAN WTS                                                                              PHK05 109 103 99  98  100 102 105                                       MEAN WTS                                                                              PH54B 97  99  102 102 100 101 108                                              DIFF  12   4   4   4   0   1   3                                        __________________________________________________________________________                  RT  STA  STK  BRT  GRN  DRP                                              INBRED                                                                               LDG GRN  LDG  STK  APP  EAR                                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL  REPLIC.                                                                              10  20   32    9   15   26                                        MEAN WTS                                                                              PHK05 81  93   99   100  100  100                                       MEAN WTS                                                                              PH54B 104 76   104  100  100  99                                               DIFF  23  17    5    1    1    1                                        __________________________________________________________________________

                                      TABLE 4A                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PH54B/PHRE1                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHAJ0/PHRE1                                                       __________________________________________________________________________             VAR      PRM  BU ACR                                                                               BU ACR                                                                              MST                                                   #   PRM  SHD  ABS   % MN % MN  TST WT ABS                                                                             SDG VGR %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                    MN                              TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   80   87   126.7 106  95    53.0    94                                      2   81   83   117.2 98   95    54.9    105                                     LOCS                                                                               10   11   54    54   55    33      57                                      REPS                                                                               10   11   76    76   77    44      94                                      DIFF                                                                               0    4    9.5   8    0     2.0     10                                      PROB                                                                               .747 .000#                                                                               .000# .000#                                                                               .978  .000#   .003#                           __________________________________________________________________________             VAR EST CNT                                                                              GDU SHD                                                                              GDU SLK                                                        #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK CNT % MN                                                                            PLT HT % MN                                                                             EAR HT %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                     MN                             TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   99    102   101   99       102      108                                    2   101   98    97    100      98       102                                    LOCS                                                                               50    21    14    75       36       36                                     REPS                                                                               85    33    22    108      53       53                                     DIFF                                                                               3     4     4     0        4        6                                      PROB                                                                               .020+ .000# .000# .327     .000#    .000#                          __________________________________________________________________________             VAR RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG                                                                              BRT      GRN      DRP                                    #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK % MN APP % MN EAR % MN                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   93    85    104   100      98       100                                    2   98    112   100   100      102      100                                    LOCS                                                                               28    28    47    10       19       33                                     REPS                                                                               42    38    66    10       23       40                                     DIFF                                                                               5     27    4     1        4        1                                      PROB                                                                               .115  .000# .001# .193     .308     .022+                          __________________________________________________________________________                 NLF  GOS  HD   FUS  GIB  EYE  ECB  ECB  ECB                                VAR BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS  ERS  SPT  1LF  2SC  2IT                                #   ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3  5.5  99.2 3.5  6.5  4.5  1.8  5.3  5.9                                2   6.3  5.0  100.0                                                                               3.5  6.9  5.0  2.5  5.2  4.3                                LOCS                                                                               2    1    3    1    4    1    3    3    1                                  REPS                                                                               5    2    6    2    8    2    8    7    3                                  DIFF                                                                               1.1  0.5  0.8  0.0  0.4  0.5  0.7  0.1  1.7                                PROB                                                                               .314      .423      .391      .184 .926                            __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 4B                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PH54B/PHRE1                                                       VARIETY #2 = PH90A/PHRE1                                                       __________________________________________________________________________             VAR                    BU            TST  SDG                                  #   PRM  PRM SHD                                                                              BU ACR ABS                                                                             ACR % MN                                                                              MST % MN                                                                              WT ABS                                                                              VGR %                        __________________________________________________________________________                                                       MN                           TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   80   87    123.8   106    95     53.0 95                                   2   83   87    116.2   100    100    54.1 95                                   LOCS                                                                               9    11    52      52     53     33   52                                   REPS                                                                               9    11    67      67     68     42   84                                   DIFF                                                                               3    0     7.5     6      4      1.2  0                                    PROB                                                                               .053*                                                                               .597  .001#   .007#  .002#  .004#                                                                               .915                         __________________________________________________________________________             VAR EST CNT                                                                              GDU SHD                                                                              GDU SLK                                                        #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK CNT % MN                                                                            PLT HT % MN                                                                             EAR HT %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                     MN                             TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   98    102   100   99       101      107                                    2   98    102   102   100      94       94                                     LOCS                                                                               45    17    10    63       30       30                                     REPS                                                                               70    26    16    85       39       39                                     DIFF                                                                               0     0     2     1        7        13                                     PROB                                                                               .943  .376  .000# .205     .000#    .000#                          __________________________________________________________________________             VAR RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG        GRN      DRP                                    #   % MN  % MN  % MN  BRT STK % MN                                                                            APP % MN EAR % MN                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   98    83    104   100      99       100                                    2   107   89    100   100      100      100                                    LOCS                                                                               20    25    44    10       19       32                                     REPS                                                                               28    34    56    10       21       34                                     DIFF                                                                               9     7     4     0        1        0                                      PROB                                                                               .002# .451  .021+ .443     .781     .051*                          __________________________________________________________________________                 NLF  GOS  HD   FUS  GIB  EYE  ECB  ECB  ECB                                VAR BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS  ERS  SPT  1LF  2SC  2IT                                #   ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3  5.5  99.2 3.5  6.1  4.5  2.6  4.0  6.8                                2   5.5  5.5  100.0                                                                               2.5  6.5  5.0  2.7  4.9  5.9                                LOCS                                                                               2    1    3    1    4    1    3    3    1                                  REPS                                                                               5    2    6    2    7    2    8    7    3                                  DIFF                                                                               0.3  0.0  0.8  1.0  0.4  0.5  0.1  0.9  0.9                                PROB                                                                               .500      .423      .591      .840 .319                            __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 4C                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PH54B/PHRE1                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHKM5/PHRE1                                                       __________________________________________________________________________             VAR       PRM   BU ACR                                                                               BU ACR MST   TST WT SDG VGR                              #   PRM   SHD   ABS   % MN   % MN  ABS    % MN                         __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   81    86    126.4 106    96    52.3   94                                   2   82    85    127.7 107    98    54.5   108                                  LOCS                                                                               7     8     36    36     36    19     40                                   REPS                                                                               7     8     54    54     54    30     71                                   DIFF                                                                               2     1     1.3   1      2     2.3    13                                   PROB                                                                               .417  .023+ .657  .742   .267  .000#  .004#                        __________________________________________________________________________             VAR EST CNT                                                                              GDU SHD                                                                              GDU SLK                                                        #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK CNT % MN                                                                            PLT HT % MN                                                                             EAR HT %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                     MN                             TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   99    103   101   99       103      108                                    2   99    101   100   100      98       101                                    LOCS                                                                               36    18    10    52       23       23                                     REPS                                                                               69    30    16    83       38       38                                     DIFF                                                                               0     2     1     1        5        7                                      PROB                                                                               .947  .001# .007# .087*    .000#    .000#                          __________________________________________________________________________             VAR RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG        GRN      DRP                                    #   % MN  % MN  % MN  BRT STK % MN                                                                            APP % MN EAR % MN                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   92    93    105   100      95       100                                    2   107   104   107   98       95       100                                    LOCS                                                                               20    17    29    4        9        15                                     REPS                                                                               33    25    47    4        13       22                                     DIFF                                                                               15    12    3     2        0        0                                      PROB                                                                               .007# .288  .079* .525     .930     .216                           __________________________________________________________________________                 NLF  GOS  HD   FUS  GIB  EYE  ECB  ECB  ECB                                VAR BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS  ERS  SPT  1LF  2SC  2IT                                #   ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3  5.5  98.8 3.5  6.5  4.5  2.6  3.5  6.8                                2   6.3  4.5  92.4 3.5  6.0  4.5  3.9  3.7  4.5                                LOCS                                                                               2    1    2    1    4    1    3    2    1                                  REPS                                                                               5    2    4    2    8    2    8    6    3                                  DIFF                                                                               1.1  1.0  6.4  0.0  0.5  0.0  1.3  0.2  2.3                                PROB                                                                               .234      .189      .182      .122 .500                            __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 4D                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PH54B/PHFA5                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHT73/PHFA5                                                       __________________________________________________________________________                            BU   BU         TST   SDG   EST   GDU                           VAR      PRM   ACR  ACR   MST  WT    VGR   CNT   SHD                           #   PRM  SHD   ABS  % MN  % MN ABS   % MN  % MN  %                     __________________________________________________________________________                                                              MN                    TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   81   79    127.3                                                                               114   98   52.8  103   116   96                            2   79   77    96.1 86    93   52.9  79    84    95                            LOCS                                                                               2    2     6    6     6    3     7     8     4                             REPS                                                                               2    2     16   16    16   8     14    18    8                             DIFF                                                                               2    2     31.2 28    5    0.2   23    32    1                             PROB                                                                               .144 .298  .000#                                                                               .000# .020+                                                                               .671  .105  .012+ .622                  __________________________________________________________________________             VAR GDU SLK                                                                              STK CNT                                                                               PLT HT                                                                               EAR HT RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG                                                                               GRN APP                       #   % MN  % MN   % MN  % MN   % MN  % MN  % MN   %                     __________________________________________________________________________                                                              MN                    TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   94    102    101   102    98    128   115    112                           2   102   89     94    77     98    37    88     125                           LOCS                                                                               1     8      4     4      4     4     6      1                             REPS                                                                               1     18     12    12     10    10    16     4                             DIFF                                                                               8     13     7     28     0     90    27     13                            PROB      .049+  .033+ .013+  .801  .007# .024+                        __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 4E                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PH54B/PHFA5                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHG68/PHFA5                                                       __________________________________________________________________________                           BU   BU        TST  SDG  EST                                     VAR      PRM  ACR  ACR  MST  WT   VGR  CNT                                     #   PRM  SHD  ABS  % MN % MN ABS  % MN % MN                            __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   82   79   144.8                                                                               111  99   53.0 86   112                                     2   81   81   126.1                                                                               94   97   55.0 83   100                                     LOCS                                                                               3    2    11   11   11   2    11   12                                      REPS                                                                               3    2    21   21   21   4    18   22                                      DIFF                                                                               1    2    18.7 17   2    2.0  3    12                                      PROB                                                                               .236 .130 .003#                                                                               .006#                                                                               .169 .056*                                                                               .510 .006#                           __________________________________________________________________________                 GDU  STK  PLT  EAR  RT   STA  STK  GRN                                     VAR SHD  CNT  HT   HT   LDG  GRN  LDG  APP                                     #   % MN % MN % MN % MN % MN % MN % MN % MN                            __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   98   101  102  103  99   117  108  112                                     2   99   101  99   88   101  72   97   116                                     LOCS                                                                               6    13   3    3    8    6    11   1                                       REPS                                                                               11   23   8    8    14   10   21   4                                       DIFF                                                                               1    0    3    16   2    46   12   4                                       PROB                                                                               .245 .482 .469 .160 .247 .012+                                                                               .017+                                __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 4F                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PHRE1/PH54B                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHRE1/PHK05                                                       __________________________________________________________________________             VAR        PRM   BU ACR                                                                               BU ACR MST   TST    SDG VGR                             #   PRM    SHD   ABS   % MN   % MN  WT ABS % MN                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   80     86    121.4 108    95    51.8   94                                  2   78     82    110.0 97     92    53.9   99                                  LOCS                                                                               12     13    64    64     65    38     62                                  REPS                                                                               12     13    94    94     95    54     91                                  DIFF                                                                               2      4     11.4  11     3     2.1    5                                   PROB                                                                               .087*  .000# .000# .000#  .003# .000#  .129                        __________________________________________________________________________             VAR EST CNT                                                                              GDU SHD                                                                              GDU SLK                                                        #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK CNT % MN                                                                            PLT HT % MN                                                                             EAR HT %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                     MN                             TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   99    103   102   99       103      109                                    2   103   98    97    100      102      107                                    LOCS                                                                               53    25    14    91       42       41                                     REPS                                                                               84    43    23    139      66       64                                     DIFF                                                                               4     5     5     1        0        2                                      PROB                                                                               .001# .000# .000# .136     .451     .081*                          __________________________________________________________________________             VAR RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG                                                                              BRT STK  GRN      DRP                                    #   % MN  % MN  % MN  % MN     APP % MN EAR % MN                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   93    84    105   100      97       99                                     2   87    88    96    100      104      100                                    LOCS                                                                               28    30    55    10       27       38                                     REPS                                                                               40    37    83    10       42       51                                     DIFF                                                                               6     4     9     1        7        0                                      PROB                                                                               .221  .620  .001# .193     .056*    .485                           __________________________________________________________________________                 NLF  GOS  HD   FUS  GIB  EYE  ECB  ECB  ECB                                VAR BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS  ERS  SPT  1LF  2SC  2IT                                #   ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3  5.5  98.8 3.5  6.5  4.5  1.8  5.5  5.9                                2   5.7  6.0  96.1 4.0  6.6  6.0  4.8  4.7  4.0                                LOCS                                                                               2    1    2    1    4    1    3    2    1                                  REPS                                                                               5    2    4    2    8    2    8    6    3                                  DIFF                                                                               0.4  0.5  2.6  0.5  0.1  1.5  3.0  0.8  1.9                                PROB                                                                               .126      .500      .789      .035+                                                                               .500                            __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 5A                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PHRE1/PH54B                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHK05/PHH51                                                       __________________________________________________________________________             VAR              BU ACR BU ACR                                                                               MST   TST WT SDG VGR                             #   PRM    PRM SHD                                                                              ABS    % MN  % MN  ABS    % MN                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   79     86    116.6  111   95    51.3   102                                 2   76     75    98.6   94    88    53.3   102                                 LOCS                                                                               9      11    52     52    52    36     44                                  REPS                                                                               9      11    81     81    81    55     67                                  DIFF                                                                               3      10    18.0   17    7     2.0    1                                   PROB                                                                               .007#  .000# .000#  .000# .000# .000#  .877                        __________________________________________________________________________             VAR EST CNT                                                                              GDU SHD                                                                              GDU SLK                                                        #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK CNT % MN                                                                            PLT HT % MN                                                                             EAR HT %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                     MN                             TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   99    103   101   100      102      108                                    2   103   91    92    100      98       99                                     LOCS                                                                               46    18    8     70       32       31                                     REPS                                                                               74    32    13    111      52       51                                     DIFF                                                                               4     11    9     1        4        10                                     PROB                                                                               .001# .000# .000# .246     .000#    .000#                          __________________________________________________________________________             VAR RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG                                                                              BRT      GRN      DRP                                    #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK % MN APP % MN EAR % MN                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   98    88    105   100      97       99                                     2   86    87    94    100      114      100                                    LOCS                                                                               19    23    51    9        27       37                                     REPS                                                                               27    31    79    9        42       50                                     DIFF                                                                               12    0     11    1        17       1                                      PROB                                                                               .028+ .970  .000# .195     .000#    .015+                          __________________________________________________________________________                 NLF  GOS  HD   FUS  GIB  EYE  ECB  ECB  ECB                                VAR BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS  ERS  SPT  1LF  2SC  2IT                                #   ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3  5.5  98.8 3.5  6.5  4.5  1.8  5.5  5.9                                2   2.6  3.5  82.9 4.5  7.0  5.5  4.9  4.0  6.7                                LOCS                                                                               2    1    2    1    4    1    3    2    1                                  REPS                                                                               5    2    4    2    7    2    8    6    3                                  DIFF                                                                               2.7  2.0  15.8 1.0  0.5  1.0  3.1  1.5  0.8                                PROB                                                                               .079*     .382      .495 .009#                                                                               .070*                                __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

                                      TABLE 5B                                     __________________________________________________________________________     VARIETY #1 = PHRE1/PH54B                                                       VARIETY #2 = PHJ40/PHT73                                                       __________________________________________________________________________             VAR        PRM   BU ACR BU ACR                                                                               MST   TST WT SDG VGR                             #   PRM    SHD   ABS    % MN  % MN  ABS    % MN                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   79     86    116.0  110   93    51.5   103                                 2   82     82    108.4  102   101   51.8   107                                 LOCS                                                                               8      10    47     47    48    32     49                                  REPS                                                                               8      10    74     74    75    51     92                                  DIFF                                                                               3      3     7.6    8     7     0.3    4                                   PROB                                                                               .002#  .000# .000#  .000# .000# .232   .172                        __________________________________________________________________________             VAR EST CNT                                                                              GDU SHD                                                                              GDU SLK                                                        #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK CNT % MN                                                                            PLT HT % MN                                                                             EAR HT %                       __________________________________________________________________________                                                     MN                             TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   98    102   102   100      101      109                                    2   100   98    99    100      98       98                                     LOCS                                                                               51    12    6     61       30       29                                     REPS                                                                               93    21    12    101      50       48                                     DIFF                                                                               2     3     3     1        3        10                                     PROB                                                                               .034+ .000# .012+ .147     .000#    .000#                          __________________________________________________________________________             VAR RT LDG                                                                               STA GRN                                                                              STK LDG                                                                              BRT      GRN      DRP                                    #   % MN  % MN  % MN  STK % MN APP % MN EAR % MN                       __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   96    81    105   100      97       99                                     2   99    72    102   100      92       100                                    LOCS                                                                               16    21    44    7        21       29                                     REPS                                                                               25    31    68    7        33       40                                     DIFF                                                                               3     9     3     0        5        1                                      PROB                                                                               .521  .159  .008# .690     .278     .039+                          __________________________________________________________________________                 NLF  GOS  HD   FUS  GIB  EYE  ECB  ECB  ECB                                VAR BLT  WLT  SMT  ERS  ERS  SPT  1LF  2SC  2IT                                #   ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS  ABS                        __________________________________________________________________________     TOTAL SUM                                                                              1   5.3  5.5  98.8 3.5  6.5  4.5  1.8  5.5  5.9                                2   5.3  4.0  100.0                                                                               3.5  6.8  4.0  4.1  5.0  4.1                                LOCS                                                                               2    1    2    1    4    1    3    2    1                                  REPS                                                                               5    2    4    2    8    2    8    6    3                                  DIFF                                                                               0.0  1.5  1.3  0.0  0.3  0.5  2.3  0.5  1.8                                PROB                                                                               .000#     .500      .391      .071*                                                                               .500                            __________________________________________________________________________      *= 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG                                         

Deposits

Applicant has made a deposit of at least 2500 seeds of Inbred Corn Line PH54B with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Rockville, Md. 20852 USA, ATCC Deposit No. 97496. The seeds deposited with the ATCC on Mar. 29, 1996 were taken from the deposit maintained by Pioneer Hi-Bred International. Inc.. 700 Capital Square. 400 Locust Street, Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2340 since prior to the filing date of this application. This deposit of the Inbred Corn Line PH54B will be maintained in the ATCC depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or for the effective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if it becomes nonviable during that period. Additionally. Applicant has satisfied all the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §§1.801-1.809, including providing an indication of the viability of the sample. Applicant imposes no restrictions on the availability of the deposited material from the ATCC; however, Applicant has no authority to waive any restrictions imposed by law on the transfer of biological material or its transportation in commerce. Applicant does not waive any infringement of its rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 USC 2321 et seq.). Applicant has applied for U.S. Plant Variety Protection of PH54B under Application No, 9500223.

The foregoing invention has been described in detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity and understanding. However, it will be obvious that certain changes and modifications such as single gene modifications and mutations, somoclonal variants, variant individuals selected from large populations of the plants of the instant inbred and the like may be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only by the scope of the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. Seed of maize inbred line designated PH54B and having ATCC Accession No.
 97496. 2. A maize plant produced by the seed of claim 1 and its plant parts.
 3. Pollen of the plant of claim
 2. 4. An ovule of the plant of claim
 2. 5. A maize plant developed from the seed of maize inbred line designated PH54B, the seed of which have been deposited under ATCC Accession No. 97496, said maize plant having all the physiological and morphological characteristics of maize inbred line designated PH54B, the seed of such having been deposited under ATCC Accession No.
 97496. 6. A male sterile maize plant otherwise having all the physiological and morphological characteristics of maize inbred line designated PH54B, the seed of which have been deposited under ATCC Accession No.
 97496. 7. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of an inbred maize plant PH54B, wherein the tissue culture regenerates plants capable of expressing all the morphological and physiological characteristics of the maize plant named PH54B, the seed of which have been deposited under ATCC Accession No.
 97496. 8. The tissue culture of claim 7, the tissue culture selected from the group consisting of leaves, pollen, embryos, roots, root tips, anthers, silk, flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, husks, stalks, cells and protoplasts thereof.
 9. A maize plant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim 7, capable of expressing all the morphological and physiological characteristics of inbred PH54B the seed of which have been deposited under ATCC Accession No.
 97496. 10. A method for producing first generation (F₁) hybrid maize seed comprising crossing a first inbred parent maize plant with a second inbred parent maize plant and harvesting the resultant first generation (F₁) hybrid maize seed, wherein said first or second parent maize plant is the maize plant of claim
 2. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein inbred maize plant PH54B, the seed of which have been deposited under ATCC Accession No. 97496, is the female parent.
 12. The method of claim 10 wherein inbred maize plant PH54B, the seed of which have been deposited under ATCC Accession No, 97496, is the male parent.
 13. An F₁ hybrid seed or plant, or parts thereof, produced by crossing an inbred maize plant according to claim 2 with another, different maize plant. 